Saint/s of the Day – 30 July – Saint Abdon and Saint Senen (Died c250) Martyrs. Both our Martyrs were born in Persia and died in Rome by tortures and finally beheading around 250 under the persecutions of Emperor Decius. Patronages – against eye diseases, against rickets, against vermin, of barrel and cask makers, of blind children and children in general, of farmers and gardeners, of Arles and the Diocese of Perpignan in France, of Calasparra, in Murcia, Spain. Unfortunately, I can find no English text explaining the reasons for their various Patronages. They would naturally have related to miracles granted by the intercession of Sts Abdon and Senen before or after death. Also known as – Abdo, Abdus and Sennes, Sennis, Zennen. Additional Memorials – 20 March, and the first Sunday of May on some calendars.
The two Saints have been the privileged object of many artistic works in various Churches and Cathedrals, in Italy and around Europe. In addition to the richness of their clothes is shown to indicate their Persian origin. They often wear a royal diadem like the one sometimes attributed to the Three Wise Men who were in fact oriental but the constant presence, is the sword, with which they were beheaded.
The Roman Martyrology reads: “At Rome in the reign of Dec ius, the holy Persian Martyrs, Abdon and Sennen, who were bound with chains, brought to Rome, scourged with leaded whips for the Faith of Christ and then put to the sword.”
The Acts of Abdon and Sennen written for the most part prior to the 9th Century, describe them as Persian nobles, captured and taken to Rome in the 3rd Century, during a Roman army military campaign.
In Rome they converted to Christianity and helped bury the Christian dead. They came to the attention of Emperor Decius who had them taken in chains before the Roman Senate, where they refused to sacrifice to the Roman gods. They were condemned to death and taken to the Amphitheater where the Colossus of Nero stood, between the Flavian Amphitheater and the Temple of Venus, to be devoured by wild beasts. But they miraculously tamed the animals which avoided them. Abdon and Sennen were then beheaded by gladiators. Their bodies were thrown in front of the statue of the Sun, where they remained for three days, until the Deacon, Quirinius, picked them up and hid them in his house, where they remained for a very long time.
Later, during the reign of the blessed Constantine the Great (reigned 306–337), translated to the Cemetery of Pontianus on the way to Porto, near the gates of Rome. In this Cemetery there is a 6th Century Fresco which depicts them with beards, dressed in tunics, with the Phrygian cap worn by natives of Phrygia. Above the Fresco, a Latin inscription names them unequivocally. In the Fresco, Abdon appears more mature with a short, round beard, while Sennen has a pointed beard and is certainly younger.
Still in the same Cemetery, a terracotta lamp of the 5th Century was found, with the image of a praying figure, covered by a rich Persian cloak with a short, round beard, in which Abdon was immediately identified.
Another Fresco found on a 6th Century Sarcophagus contaning their remains represents them receiving crowns from Christ.
Several Cities, notably Florence and Soissons, claim possession of their bodies but the Acta Sanctorum insist that they rest in the Basilica of San Marco Evangelista al Campidoglio, Rome, having been brought there in 1474 and where there is now an Altar dedicated to them. . The Benedictine Abbey of Sainte-Marie in Arles-sur-Tech, France also claims their Tomb but it does seem that portion of their Relics have been shared in those Cities of which they are Patrons.
AnaStpaul 