Author: AnaStpaul

Saint of the Day – 21 October – Saint Malchus (Died c390) Monk and Hermit of Syria. Born around the 4th Century near Antioch, Syria and died there in c390. Malchus is the subject of Saint Jerome’s “Life of Malchus the Captive Monk” (Vita Malchi Monachi Captivi), written in Latin around 391. Also known as – Malchus of Chalcis, Malchus of Maronia.

The Roman Martyrology reads today: “At Marconia near Antioch, in Syria, St Malchus, Monk.”

In 375, Saint Jerome retired to Maronia (a small village around 50 kms south of Antioch), on the estates of his friend St Evagrius Ponticus (c345-399), to lead a Hermit’s life. There he met the Monk Malchus, who recounted the romantic details of his life.

A few years later (390-391), St Jerome recounted these events in the “Vita Malchus Monachi Captivi.” The work, as St Jerome himself states, has the feel of a literary exercise (“I wish to try my hand at a small work and thus, put aside a certain rustiness of the tongue”) and has a parenetic-ascetic purpose (“I expose to chaste people, a tale about chastity… You tell this to posterity, so that they may know that, among swords and deserts and wild beasts, modesty is never enslaved and, the man consecrated to God, can die and never be defeated”).

From a literary perspective, it is highly valuable. Perhaps based on a historical figure he knew, St Jerome composed the Vita with a purposes in favor of monasticism and chastity.

According to the Vita Malchus, descended from a noble family, had retreated to the desert of Chalcis to devote himself to monastic life, despite his father’s staunch opposition. In the Monastery, however, he clashed with the Abbot because, following his father’s death, he intended to take possession of the family property to distribute it to the poor and build a Monastery.

For this attachment to worldly things, Ma;chus was punished; in fact, having left the Monastery, he fell in with a group of Bedouins in the desert, who sold him to a landowner from a distant region. He was entrusted with the care of the flock, a task he did not dislike, as in the midst of the pastures he was able to pray and enrich his spiritual life by contemplation.

In recognition of his faithfulness and excellent service, his master intended to marry him to a slave who had been violently separated from her husband. The idea of ​​an adulterous marriage aroused a sense of despair in Malchus but the woman proposed a sham marriage, living in absolute chastity. They spent some time together, then attempted an escape. St Jerome’s narrative at this point takes on romantic overtones. The two, joined in the desert by their master and a servant, took refuge in the den of a lioness, who first mauled the servant and then the master. Malchus and the woman, using the camels of the slain, reached the Monastery where Malchus had begun his monastic life. Having been rejected, Malchus moved, followed by the woman, to Maronia, where he met St Jerome . There, the woman retired to a Convent.

The episode of the spouses, who lived in perfect chastity, is a very common motif in ancient hagiography. St Jerome’s work was translated into verse by Jean de la Fontaine, a 17th Century French Poet. Three ancient versions of the Vita exist (Latin, Greek, Syriac) which differ only marginally.

St Malchus’ cult spread widely in the East, where the he is remembered on 26 March and in the West on 21 October.