Saint of the Day – 18 March – St Cyril of Jerusalem (315-387) Bishop of Jerusalem, Confessor Father and Doctor of the Church, Theologian, Writer.
Born in c315 possibly near Caesar in Palestine and died at the age of around 73 in c387 in Jerusalem. Also known as – Cirillo, Kyrillos.
The Roman Martyrology reads: “At Jerusalem, St Cyril, the Bishop and Doctor, who suffered many inhuries from the Arians for the Faith. Often exiled from his Church, he at length rested in peace, with a great reputation for sanctity. A magnificent testamony of the purity of his faith is given by a general Council, in a letter to the Pope Damasus.”
Cyril of Jerusalem, Ordained Presbyter around 345, was a man particularly attentive to the preparation of Catechumens aspiring to the Sacrament of Baptism celebrated on Easter night.
It is in these years of his Priesthood that he composed the work which is still rightly known today, the ‘Catecheses‘ contain sermons which illustrate Christian doctrine (the first 19 sermons held in the Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre built in Jerusalem by Constantine are addressed to the Catechumens) and they explain the Sacraments (discourses 20-24 were addressed to the already Baptised and admitted to the Church and aimed at teaching the understanding of the meaning of Liturgical practices).
As a young man of around 33 in c348, Cyril was appointed as the Bishop of Jerusalem. Cyril was severely involved in the Christological controversy following the affirmation of the Nicene Creed. The term “of the same substance” constituted the Christological affirmation against the Arian heresy.
In fact, once the Council ended, a long and very painful period began which saw the Church divide on the Christological question. Not all professed Nicenes (like the illustrious Bishop and Doctor of the Church, Saint Athanasius of Alexandria in Egypt), nor did the Arian party constitute a monolithic group. Most oscillated between the two positions.
Cyril of Jerusalem, like St Acacius, Bishop of Caesarea (340-366) and many others, held an intermediate and personal position. Due to issues related to the relationship between Churches, Acacius, definitively espousing a markedly Arian doctrine and thus guaranteeing imperial support, managed to repeatedly remove Cyril from his Episcopal Seat. He was thus first deposed and exiled by the Emperor Constantius in 357 and 360, then by the Emperor Valens from 367 to 378. This Acacius, Bishop from 340 to 366, is certainly no small figure. Having succeeded the great Bishop St Eusebius, he continued to enrich the library of Caesarea. Saint Jerome, in fact, who died in 420, spoke of his great works of commentary and interpretation of Sacred Scripture which were then sadly lost).
The Emperor Theodosius (379-395) put an end to his exile which lasted a total of 16 years. Now, no-one will chase him away again. In 381 Cyril took part in the Council of Constantinople (the 2nd Ecumenical Council) and in the following one in 382, in which the validity of his consecration as the Bishop of Jerusalem was again reiterated,, where he finally remained undisturbed until his death.
Cyril’s whole life was involved in the troubles of the Church during the first Centuries. That is, in the theological debates, even very harsh ones, mixed with human weaknesses and then intertwined with politics, with external wars to defend the Empire and internal ones to seize the throne. Fifteen Centuries laster, in 1882, Cyril was declared Doctor of the Church by Pope Leo XIII.
More Detail of our Saint Cyril:
https://anastpaul.com/2017/03/18/saint-of-the-day-18-march-st-cyril-of-jerusalem/
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